Which regulation governs the export of arms?

The regulation that governs the export of arms is the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). ITAR specifically focuses on the control and management of defense-related articles and services, ensuring that the export of such items does not compromise national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. This regulation applies to a broad range of military and defense items, including weapons, military vehicles, and related technologies.

ITAR requires that any entity wishing to export arms must comply with its provisions, which include obtaining licenses and adhering to specific reporting and record-keeping requirements. This helps to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive military technology and ensures that exports are conducted responsibly and with due consideration to international relationships.

In contrast, other regulations like the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) deal with dual-use items that have both civilian and military applications, while the National Firearms Act (NFA) and the Gun Control Act (GCA) primarily regulate domestic firearm ownership and sales rather than the export aspect. Therefore, the focus and scope of ITAR make it the correct answer to this question regarding the export of arms.