Which regulation manages the export of defense articles and services?

The correct response focuses on the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), which is specifically designed to regulate the export of defense articles and services. ITAR is critical in ensuring that U.S. foreign policy and national security interests are maintained by controlling the distribution of defense-related materials. These regulations are enforced by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) within the Department of State.

ITAR covers a wide array of items and services, including military equipment and technical data associated with defense articles, making it a foundational framework for regulating defense exports. Compliance with ITAR is mandatory for anyone involved with the manufacture or export of defense materials, ensuring that sensitive technology remains under U.S. control and is not provided to unauthorized entities.

In contrast, the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) pertain primarily to dual-use items, which can serve both civilian and military purposes, while the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) addresses anti-bribery measures. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) focuses on economic cooperation and policies among members, making it unrelated to defense export controls. Hence, ITAR is the clear and correct choice when referencing the regulation that manages defense-related exports.